Most Mac users enjoy several years of trouble-free experience, but eventually, time will come when hardware problems arise. Although it rarely happens, problems can be caused by a motherboard issue, a failing hard drive, a GPU problem, or lack of memory space. Fortunately, Apple has a way to detect, prevent, and solve any hardware-related issue. Apple Hardware Test is the first step. You can use it to check if there are serious hardware issues to deal with. Don’t worry, because you can run the test yourself. We will teach you how below.

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What Mac Models Can Run Apple’s Internet-Based Hardware Test?

Alisha Gambhir writes in, noting that her MacBook Pro suddenly reported that it had no Wi-Fi hardware installed. This is odd because, as you know, all Mac laptops (and nearly every Mac made for. It can happen on any MacBook, MacBook Pro, Air, iMac, Mac Mini, Mac Pro, and virtually any other hardware, though MacBook users are usually the first to notice it given the propensity for wireless networking usage with Mac laptops.

Not all Mac models can run the Internet-based Apple hardware test. Some MacBook models need to use a local version of the hardware test, which has to be installed on the hard drive or saved on OS X DVD. Other Macs manufactured after 2013 can use the latest version of the Apple hardware test, which is called the Apple Diagnostics test. Here’s a guide on how to use Apple Diagnostics test. As for the only Mac models that can use the web-based version of the Apple hardware test are as follows:

• 11-inch MacBook Air 3 (late 2010 through 2012)
• 13-inch MacBook Air 3 (late 2010 through 2012)
• 13-inch MacBook Pro 8 (early 2011 through 2012)
• 15-inch MacBook Pro 6 (mid-2010 through 2012)
• 17-inch MacBook Pro 6 (mid-2010 through 2012)
• MacBook 7 (mid-2010)
• Mac Mini 4 (mid-2010 through 2012)
• 21.5-inch iMac 11 (mid-2010 through 2012)
• 27-inch iMac 11 (mid-2010 through 2012)

It is important to note that the mid-2010 through early 2011 Mac models may require to update the EFI firmware before you can run the web-based Apple Hardware Test. If you are uncertain if you need to update the EFI firmware or not, you can do the following:

• Go to Apple menu and click About This Mac.
• A new window will open. Click the More Info button.
• If your Mac is running in OS X Lion or the later version, select System Report. Otherwise, proceed to step 4.
• Another window will open. Highlight Hardware in the left portion of the screen.
• On the opposite corner of the screen, take note of the boot ROM version number of your Mac and the SMC version number.
• Once you have these details, go to the EFI and SMC Firmware Update page on Apple’s website. Compare the versions you have with the latest available. If your Mac is running on an older version, you need to download the most recent version on the same web page.

How to Use the Internet-Based Apple Hardware Test

As soon as you have verified and confirmed that your Mac is capable of running the Internet-based Apple Hardware Test, you can start using it. Here’s how:

• Turn off your Mac first.
• If you are running a MacBook, connect it to an AC power source. Do not run the test with only your MacBook’s battery as the power source.
• Press the Power button while holding down the Option and D keys. Continue until the Starting Internet Recovery message pops up on your display.
• Wait for a few seconds. You will soon be prompted to select a network. Use the drop-down menu to choose from the list of available network connections.
• Select a wireless network and enter the password if asked. Press Return or Enter. You can also click the checkmark button on your display.
• As soon as you are connected to your chosen network, you will see a message on your screen that says, Starting Internet Recovery. This will take a while because the Apple Hardware Test will be downloaded to your Mac. Once it is completed, you will be prompted to select a language.
• To select a language to use, use the Up and Down arrow keys or the mouse cursor.
• The Apple Hardware Test will then continue to check what hardware is installed on your Mac. Again, this will take time.
• Before you proceed with the actual test, it’d be better if you verify first what hardware was found so you can ensure that all your Mac’s components are correct and accounted for. Check if the exact amount of memory is displayed, along with the graphics and CPU specs. If you suspect that something is wrong, verify your Mac’s configuration by going to Apple’s support site. If the displayed config does not match with what your Mac model’s configuration should be, your device might be failing. To verify your Mac’s hardware specs, navigate to the Hardware Profile tab.
• If all configuration details are correct, proceed with the testing by going to the Hardware Test tab.
• Note that the Apple Hardware Test can support two different types of testing; a standard test and an extended test. While the standard test is generally a good option, the extended test is highly recommended, especially if there is an issue with your Mac’s graphics card or RAM.
• To run the standard test, select the Standard Test option and click the Test button. At this point, the hardware test should start. It will take several minutes to complete, so just be patient. Do not worry if you hear your Mac’s fans rev up and down. That’s normal during the hardware testing process.
• Once the test is done, a list of potential issues or a No trouble found message will be displayed in the test results pane. If there is an error, check what it is about. We listed some of the most common error codes below alongside their meanings:
  • 4AIR – AirPort wireless card
  • 4ETH – Ethernet
  • 4HDD – Hard disk (includes SSD)
  • 4IRP – Logic board
  • 4MEM – Memory module (RAM)
  • 4MHD – External disk
  • 4MLB – Logic board controller
  • 4MOT – Fans
  • 4PRC – Processor
  • 4SNS – Failed sensor
  • 4YDC – Video/Graphics card

These error codes generated by the Apple Hardware Test seem to be cryptic, and in some cases, only certified Apple service technicians can understand them. But because most of these codes are recurring, they’ve become known.

• If no problem was found, you could continue running the extended test. It can detect graphics and memory problems better than the standard test. To do the extended test, select the Perform Extended Testing option and click the Test button.
• If by any chance, you’d like to stop the test, just click the Stop Testing button.
• Once you are done using the Apple Hardware Test, end it by clicking the Shut Down or Restart button.

If no error was found after the test and your Mac is still experiencing problems, then you can check your system. It might be loaded with files you don’t need, or your RAM is taken up by unnecessary programs and apps. To fix the problem, download third-party tools like Tweakbit MacRepair.

Are you experiencing those Wi-Fi problems with your Mac? For example, your MacBook Pro won’t connect to wifi, connected but no Internet or the network speed is super slow, etc.

Our smartphones may be equipped with the latest wireless data capabilities, but our MacBooks definitely aren’t. We rely on WiFi to do our daily work, and when it inevitably experiences an error of some sort, all you want to do is throw your hands in the air.

After all, WiFi frequently seems to be on the more technical end of things, shrouded in mysterious terms like “DNS”, “modem”, and “IP address”. It can be a bit intimidating to try and fix without worrying that you’re either doing nothing or making the problem worse.

But no one likes mindlessly refreshing a webpage and hoping the WiFi fixes itself in the meantime, so in this guide, we’ll show you a few ways you can take matters into your own hands to find a solution.

Do You Know?

You can troubleshoot network connections in the office or at home with WiFi Explorer. It’s an awesome app that shows you what’s going on with your network and helps you fix it when needed. The app offers a range of extensive details about all your Mac networks in the vicinity, including their band, signal quality, range, security status etc.

Your Internet Service Provider (ISP) is what determines your maximum internet speed, but your usage at home is what ultimately determines how well your connection functions. Whatever your provider advertises is always going to be more than the rates you actually get, but you can always make adjustments on your end to get things running faster.

Bandwidth is not the same as Internet speed. The Internet speed is how fast data can travel on your network, whereas your bandwidth determines the volume of information that can travel at that speed. A larger amount of bandwidth means you can request more data at once, which will make your connection seem faster, but it’s not worth paying for if you don’t use your Mac for much beyond Facebook and email.

It’s important to connect to secure networks even if it means using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) or proxy. While it’s tempting to use the free coffee shop WiFi, the lack of protective password puts your computer at risk because malicious users can use the shared network and attempt to break in. If you must use one of these networks, a proxy or VPN can protect your computer by isolating it from the other connections.

Connection Problems

Issue 1: Physical router interference

Cause: A router sends electronic waves, but these can be impeded by thick walls or other large blockages such as a row of metal filing cabinets.

How to Fix: If your router is currently buried behind a file cabinet, in a closet, or otherwise awkwardly placed you should move it to a more open and central location. If your router is already in a fairly clear area, consider where you’re sitting. Can you minimize the amount of distance between you and the router, or otherwise move closer?

Alternatively, consider purchasing an extended if you can’t seem to move the router to a location without too much interference.

Issue 2: Neighborly router interference

Cause: As we said earlier, a router sends electronic waves. These waves occur at certain frequencies and can be interfered with by other electronic devices such as microwaves or your neighbor’s router.

How to Fix: Most routers come pre-calibrated to certain frequencies or contain software that helps them pick the best channel. You can manually change the channel though by following a few steps.

• Step 1: Find out your router’s IP address. This is usually printed on the router, but you can also check in System Preferences > Network > Advanced > TCP/IP > Router;
• Step 2: Copy the IP address into the address bar of your browser and hit enter. You’ll be directed to your router’s settings;
• Step 3: Select the channel you want. Make sure to choose a channel 5 to 7 away from the original, since many frequencies overlap;
• Step 4: Use Wireless Diagnostics to monitor which frequencies make the biggest difference in your wireless signal.

You can get open wireless diagnostics by navigating to Spotlight and then beginning to type “wireless diagnostics”. It should be the first option.

Open the app and click “Continue” to start diagnosing.

Issue 3: MacBook Pro or router failure

Cause: When there doesn’t seem to any conceivable reason your WiFi shouldn’t work, it’s not your fault. Sometimes the MacBook Pro, the router, or both experience an unexpected error that’s invisible to the eye and impossible to figure out exactly what went wrong.

How to Fix: Your best bet at solving this type of problem comes in two parts: your computer, and your router. Follow these steps:

Step 1: Turn off the wifi on your computer from the menu bar along the top;

Step 2: Turn off your router by physically disconnecting it (or pressing the power button if it has one) so that all the light turn off;

Step 3: Restart your MacBook from the Apple menu in the top left of the menu bar;

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Step 4: Once your Mac has restarted, turn the router back on. You’ll need to wait 2-5 minutes for all of the lights to come on and for the signal to begin sending again

Step 5: Turn your Mac’s WiFi back on, and allow it to connect to the network.

While this method isn’t guaranteed to work every time, it often solves mysterious wireless issues and with a little luck, your problem is minor and will be resolved with a bit of restarting.

Problems Once Connected

Issue 4: WiFi connection is spotty

Cause: If we’ve said it once, we’ve said it a million times: your router transmits waves, and when these are weak at your location, you’re going to have connection issues. In this case, you may have been able to connect to the network but now service is patchy at best. The cause is simple — you’re too far away for the frequency you’re trying to use.

How to Fix: There are two different ways you can fix this issue. First, move closer to the router if you can. This is the easiest way to attempt to solve the problem and maybe all you need to do.

The second way is to use a different frequency band than you normally would. By defaults, your router uses the 2.4GHz band, which is weaker than the 5GHz many router models have available. If your router supports 5GHz, you should switch to this instead- it usually appears as a different network in your WiFi list, with a “5GHz” or “5G” as part of the name.

For example:

If you have a large home, an extender might be a more practical solution. It will amplify the signal from your router so that it can reach the areas of your house that usually suffer from poor coverage.

Issue 5: WiFi connection is very slow

Cause: If things have suddenly slowed down, it’s highly likely you can point to another person to take the blame — someone else is eating up your bandwidth! Make sure to check your own computer first though, especially if you’re running multiple programs in the background.

How to Fix: The easiest way to figure out the culprit is by running a quick scan using Advanced Network Care, it’ll show you the connection speed issues found with your current network and fix it if needed. An alternative is a Wifi Explorer as we already mentioned above.

However, you can also fix that manually. Bandwidth refers to the volume of data that can be transmitted over your WiFi connection. Certain apps can require larger bandwidth and thus restrict the data available to everyone else.

If this occurs in your home, the first step is to check your own applications. The most common offenders are multiplayer video games, video-intensive apps, or files that are uploading and downloading. If your Mac isn’t running anything strenuous, then ask the others in the household if they are.

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While you can’t get more bandwidth without paying for it, you can ask anyone on the network to limit which applications they use at one time. In the worst-case scenario, you’ll need to wait a few minutes while a download finishes or until the other person is done working.

Final Words

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WiFi issues on Mac are among the most frustrating issues that can occur on your computer. They’re confusing, bothersome, and significantly slow your productivity. We hope the methods listed above help you resolve any issues you face.

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Do you use a different method to troubleshoot your wireless network? Tell us about it in the comments below!